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Functional profiling
Home > Analysis Platform > Functional profiling
Introduction:

HUMAnN 3 (HMP Unified Metabolic Analysis Network) is the gold-standard pipeline for quantifying microbial metabolic pathways and gene families from shotgun metagenomes. Unlike simple homology searchers, it employs a tiered strategy: first mapping reads to known pangenomes of identified species for high-accuracy quantification, then using translated search against comprehensive protein databases for novel or uncharacterized functions. It integrates seamlessly with MetaPhlAn taxonomic profiles to stratify functional abundances by contributing organism, enabling mechanistic insights into microbiome-host interactions. Version 3 offers improved speed, reduced memory usage, and support for UniRef90/UniRef50 gene family clustering.

  1. Taxonomic Profiling: Runs MetaPhlAn internally (or accepts precomputed profile) to identify present species.

  2. Pangenome Mapping: Aligns reads against species-specific pangenome nucleotide databases using Bowtie2; quantifies known gene families with high precision.

  3. Translated Search: Unmapped reads are aligned against UniRef protein databases using DIAMOND to capture divergent/novel functions.

  4. Pathway Inference: Maps gene family abundances to MetaCyc pathways via MinPath, computing pathway coverage and abundance while minimizing false-positive pathway calls.

  5. Stratification & Output: Generates stratified (per-species) and unstratified functional tables, normalized to CPM or relative abundance.

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